المؤلّف: science team CET

سنة الإصدار: 2013

كلمات مفتاحيّة:

This unit, "Atoms, Elements and the Periodic Table," is part of an innovative science and technology series for middle school students. The series was developed according to the New Generation Science Standards (NGSS) and other international standards إلى الكتاب

موضوع/ مواضيع: , science

فهرس الكتاب:

• Atoms, Elements and the Periodic Table

• In this unit we will learn that...

• Introduction

• Solid Gold and iron are different substances, but their particulate structure is similar: the particles are tightly packed and arranged in a regular pattern. They vibrate in place and do not move from one place to another.

• Liquid Oil and water are different substances, but their particulate structure is similar: the particles are tightly packed but are not arranged in a regular pattern. They are able to move from place to place, sliding over one another and changing places.

• Gas Carbon dioxide and oxygen are different substances, but their particulate structure is similar: the particles are very distant from one another, they move fast and freely in all directions.

• About 3 million carbon atoms fit into the width of this line, drawn by pencil (Pencil is made of graphite, which consists of carbon atoms).

• Water particles are water molecules that consist of oxygen and hydrogen atoms.

• Helium particles are atoms of helium.

• Iron (covered in rust)

• Mercury

• Carbon (in the form of coal)

• Some elements are made up of molecules, in which two or more atoms of the same element are bound together. Such elements are, for example, oxygen and hydrogen.

• Some elements are made up of individual atoms, for example, helium and argon.

• Some elements are made up of atoms that are linked to one another in an ordered crystal * (lattice) structure. One example of such an element is carbon (which occurs as diamond or graphite).

• Graphite

• Diamond

• Smartphones are made of hundreds of different materials

• The Atomic Structure

• The modern model of the atomic structure

• Electrical charges with the same symbols repel each other.

• Electrical charges with opposite symbols attract each other.

• Gold

• Toothpaste contain fluoride ions.

• The Periodic Table of the Elements

• A statue of Mendeleev, besides a relief of the periodic table on the wall of the Mendeleev Institute for Metrology in St. Petersburg, Russia

• Electronic chip

• Emerald

• Metals and Non-Metals

• Aluminum is a metal

• Sulfur is a non-metal

• Silicon is a metalloid

• Metals Non-metals

• Chemical Families

• Lithium and sodium salts are used to produce the red and yellow colors in fireworks.

• Sodium is an alkali metal.

• Chlorine is a halogen.

• Times Square by night, New York, 2008

• Summary

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